Valentino Case Study Essay - 4601 Words

VALENTINOS PERSONAL INTRODUCTIONS AGENCY 1. VALENTINOS MISSION STATEMENT, THREE BUSINESS BENEFITS, SWOT ANALYSIS AND PESTLE ANALYSIS A. VALENTINOS The Valentinos Personal Introductions Agency is a well-established company that has been operating within the UK market since 1976 and with over 8 million single men and women in the UK between the ages of 18 and 64, and often living without the opportunity to meet potential partners, the company has been very successful. However the management of the organization have expressed a growing concern that is being felt regarding the 10 year old computer systems that are currently being relied upon and the negative affect that such outdated systems are having on the companies’ competitive†¦show more content†¦C. VALENTINO’S CURRENT POSITION (SWOT ANALYSIS) The SWOT analysis below highlights a number of salient factors that must be considered in evaluating the companies’ strategic position with regards to any possible threats or opportunities that may arise and it’s ability to take advantage or overcome these factors. Strengths 1. The Valentinos company and brand has been long established, and has exhibited consistent reputable integrity in it’s operations which is a highly salient factor in the decision making processes of potential consumers 2. There long established presence in the market also means that they have strong links with various suppliers such as with advertisements on public transport or in newspapers 3. The company also inhabit the market position of the price leader which makes them well positioned to take advantage of the growing number of price savvy and/or price conscious UK consumers (Telegraph, 2010) and trends within the UK population whereby more people are spending more time at home and are unable to find the time to go out and socialize (Euromonity, 2010a) 4. Valentinos unique combination of high technology and personal touch through the direct contact phone support services, has been critical in making the Valentinos Personal Introductions Agency a global industry leader 5. Valentinos also holds the largestShow MoreRelatedValentino Case Study1237 Words   |  5 Pagesyour hobby/project to briefly describe the ways in which the computer would be used (you are not to use more than 600 words for this). You should for example discuss the types of programs/packages that will be used. The computer will be used for study reasons and also to watch films, due to having a budget to maintain I felt it would have been expensive to put together a computer for multimedia and gaming purposes. Therefore I will be working closely with the budget and inspecting every componentRead MoreSwot Analysis on Dating Organisations Essay1665 Words   |  7 PagesAppendix Valentinos’ Case Study The following information was gained from an interview with Rudolfo, MD of Valentinos, a highly successful â€Å"Personal Introductions Agency†. Although they have been very successful and have made major investment in the Internet they are becoming increasingly worried about their market share and continuing profitability. They have asked you to advise them on their strategy and how they might further exploit technology. Their current technology was at the cutting edgeRead MoreHuman Papillomavirus ( Hpv )1286 Words   |  6 Pagesis a sexually transmitted infection with fourteen million new cases per year (Valentino Poronsky, 2016). These astronomical numbers make HPV â€Å"the most prevalent sexually transmitted infection in the United States† (Valentino Poronsky, 2016). HPV infections have been associated with causing multiple cancers. In 2006, the first vaccine against HPV emerged, Gardisil. In 2009 a second vaccine was approved by the FDA, Cervavix (Valentino P oronsky, 2016). Despite the development of the HPV vaccineRead MoreChange And Culture Case Study1570 Words   |  7 PagesChange and Culture Case Study By Fallon9586 | Studymode.com Change and Culture Case Study I Middle managers occupy a significant section of the organizational hierarchy. All managing roles work together to best meet healthcare demand and organizational goals. Middle managers bridge the gap between the professional staff and clinicians and senior management. During a merger the job of middle managers is important in transitions the two organizations into one. Middle managers make sure that the staffRead MoreEssay about Requirements Engineering and Management4041 Words   |  17 PagesKingston University London Faculty of Science, Engineering and Computing MSc in IT amp; Strategic Innovation with Management Studies COURSEWORK MODULE Requirements Engineering and Management Valentinos Case Study MODULE LEADER DR J. Chattratichart Submission deadline 10am on 16 November 2012 Read MoreThe Challenges and Benefits of Using New Technology: User Protection and Privacy Concerns1531 Words   |  6 Pagesthe Internet as their primary form of communication. In the last few years, mobile phone technology has evolved to the point that this is becoming a preferred device for going online. (Pelau, 2010, pp. 101 116) Evidence of this can be seen in a study that was conducted by the Business Communications Review. They determined that mobile phone technology is becoming increasingly common within American households. As 50% of respondents said that they have at least one cellular phone for their householdRead MoreCompetency And Stand Trial Is Coming Into Question1729 Words   |  7 PagesThe competency to stand trial is coming into question in the case against Deasia Watkins. The CBS news article illustrated a 20-year-old mother who has allegedly decapitated her infant daughter. The police arrived to find Watkins’ 3-month-old child decapitated on the kitchen counter in the home of the child’s aunt that was temporarily caring for the child. Watkins appeared to be suffering from mental issues when she was found in bed covered in her child’s blood. Watkins has to be sent for treatmentRead MoreThe United States Of America1448 Words   |  6 Pagesunauthorized immigration is the attitude that some American citizens have through this problem, in some cases there is a favorable _________ toward the young people. Initiatives to help unauthorized youth that arrived to the country as children and â€Å"cumplen† certain â€Å"requisites†, so they can study or be part of the army without being deported (Hilfinger, Morris and Boyle, 2014). In other cases the is some contradiction on the economic impact, since some author consider that the immigrants reduceRead MoreAmerican Culture And Its Impact On American Society1599 Words   |  7 Pagesagain, they wanted to make a labor agreement with the Mexican government. The Bracero Program (1942-1964) evolved shortly after, which is also mentioned in another article called The Reshaping of Latino/Chicano Ethnicity of Undocumented Immigrants: The Case of LULAC’s Ethno-politics by Katsuyuki Murata. It states that this labor program allowed Mexicans to migrate to the United States as â€Å"temporary workers†. Mexicans were needed as cheap labor supply. By 1949, there were about 113,000 contracted MexicanRead MoreThe Effect of Child Abuse on The Emotional Development of the Infant1229 Words   |  5 Pagesor sexual maltreatment of a minor. Neglecting a child is another type of abuse, and includes malnutrition, abandonment, and/or inadequate care of a child’s safety. Additionally, any neglectful act can lead to physical or emotional harm and in some cases death of a child. Unfortunately, young children are the most vulnerable population to child abuse. Statistics indicate that victims in their first year of life had the highest rate of victimization at 21.9 per 1,000 children of the same age in the

Compare and Contrast Eveline vs Dave Free Essays

Osvaldo Miranda Oren, Gail 9-16-2012 Enc1102 Eveline vs. Dave Writers of modern stories are interested in portraying life. Often, in their stories, we get ideas and find the chance to see, examine, and question ourselves. We will write a custom essay sample on Compare and Contrast: Eveline vs Dave or any similar topic only for you Order Now For example, in James Joyce’s â€Å"Eveline,† we observe how fear of the unknown affects a young woman’s future; In Richard Wright’s â€Å"The Man Who was Almost a Man,† we see how a young boy’s inability to accept moral responsibilities impacts his life, too. â€Å"How would we handle their challenges? Who is the stronger individual? The answer lies within. Both characters showed strength at some point of the stories. Dave showed strength and courage for going out to buy a gun. At the same time it was immature and a bad decision for someone who is not ready to be a man. Eveline’s strength showed throughout the whole story. She was brave, hardworking, and loyal. After the passing of her mother Eveline became the woman of the household and started taking care of her family and bringing home money. It’s pretty obvious that Eveline has the more strength when comparing her to Dave. All of Eveline’s decisions were because of her loyalty to her family. At the end of the day she stepped up and stayed in Ireland to take care of her family. Dave is in a rush to grow up and not letting things come in time. He is impatient and his immaturity shows because of this. Dave’s decision making is not very good, he convinces his mom to buy a gun so no one would think of him as a boy anymore. This decision backfires on him when he accidently shoots a sheep while testing out the gun for the first time. The sheep’s owner is Dave’s boss and she charges him for the death of the sheep with monthly payments. Dave immaturity kicks in again and decides to flee because he can’t accept the responsibility and consequences for his actions. If you think about it Dave’s living situation wasn’t as challenged as Eveline’s. She had to deal with real life problems while Dave was dealing with personal options and caring what other people thought of him. Eveline’s tough situation and smart decision making shows why she has more strength than Dave. In conclusion, Dave shows he has strength in the wrong ways, and he is irresponsible and immature. Eveline on the other hand has real life problems that anyone would have problems dealing with. It is inspiring to see how much strength and loyalty Eveline has towards her family. There is no doubt in my mind that Eveline is the character with the most strength. How to cite Compare and Contrast: Eveline vs Dave, Papers

Finance Review free essay sample

Under the gold standard, the price of an ounce of gold in U. S. dollars was $20. 67, while the price of that same ounce in British pounds was ? 3. 7683. What would the exchange rate between the dollar and the pound be? What if the U. S. dollar price had been $42. 00 per ounce? 4. Since 2009 the IMFs exchange rate regime classification system uses a de facto classification methodology. Under this system, currencies that are predominantly market-driven are considered to be: A) soft pegs. B) hard pegs. C) floating arrangements. D) a residual agreement. 5. When categorizing investments for the financial account component of the balance of payments the ________ is an investment where the investor has no control whereas the ________ is an investment where the investor has control over the asset. A) direct investment; portfolio investment B) direct investment; indirect investment C) portfolio investment; indirect investment D) portfolio investment; direct investment 6. Assume the United States has the following import/export volumes and prices. It undertakes a major devaluation of the dollar, say 18% on average, against all major trading partners currencies. What is the pre-devaluation and post-devaluation trade balance (in a very short term)? Assumptions Initial spot exchange rate, $/fc Price of exports, dollars ($) Price of imports, foreign currency (fc) Quantity of exports, units Quantity of imports, units Percentage devaluation of the dollar Price elasticity of demand, imports Values 2. 00 20. 0000 12. 0000 100 120 18. 00% (0. 900) 1 Mid-term I Review Questions 7. Classify the following as a transaction reported in a subcomponent of the current account or the capital and financial accounts of the two countries involved (hint: look from cash flow perspective, debit=COF, credit=CIF):a. a U. S. food chain imports grape from Chile. b. a US resident purchases a euro-denominated bond from a German company c. a US university gives a tuition grant to a foreign student from Singapore (the student is already in the United States) d. a British company imports Spanish oranges, paying with Eurodollars on deposit in London e. a German automobile f irm pays the salary of its executive working for a subsidiary in Detroit 8. On your post-graduation celebratory trip you decide to travel from Munich, Germany to Moscow, Russia. You leave Munich with 15,000 euros in your wallet. Wanting to exchange all of these for Russian rubles, you obtain the following quotes: Spot rate on the dollar/euro cross rate Spot rate on the ruble/dollar cross rate $1. 3214/â‚ ¬ Rbl 30. 96/$ a. What is the Russian ruble/euro cross rate? b. How many rubles will you obtain for your euros? 9. Assume the following quotes: 1) Bank A: $1. 5400/pound 2) Bank B: EURO1. 6000/pound 3) Bank C: $0. 9700/EURO a) Can a trader make a profit on these quotes? b) Assume that the trader has $1,000,000 or the equivalent in another currency available for the transaction. What profit can the trader make? 10. Use the following spot and forward bid-ask rates for the U. S. dollar/Australian dollar (US$/A$) exchange rate from December 10, 2010, to answer the following questions. Period Spot 1 month 2 months 3 months 6 months 12 months 24 months US$/A$ Bid Rate 0. 98510 0. 98131 0. 97745 0. 97397 0. 96241 0. 93960 0. 89770 US$/A$ Ask Rate 0. 98540 0. 98165 0. 97786 0. 97441 0. 96295 0. 94045 0. 89900 a. What is the mid-rate for each maturity? b. What is the annual forward premium (discount) for all maturities based on mid-rates? 2 Mid-term I Review Questions 11. Suppose that the two-months interest rate is 6.0 percent per annum in the United States and 7. 0 percent per annum in Germany, and that the spot exchange rate is $1. 12/â‚ ¬ and the forward exchange rate, with two-months maturity, is $1. 10/â‚ ¬. Assume that you can borrow â‚ ¬1,000,000. a) What kind of arbitrage is possible? b) Determine the arbitrage profit that can be made. c) What would the forward rate have to be so that there would be no arbitrage opportunity? 12. Separated by more than 3,000 nautical miles and five time zones, money and foreign exchange markets in both Germany and USA are very efficient. The following information has been collected from the respective areas: Assumptions Germany USA Spot exchange rate ($/â‚ ¬) One-year Treasury bill rate Expected inflation rate 1. 3264 3. 900% Unknown 1. 3264 4. 500% 1. 250% a. What do the financial markets suggest for inflation in Germany next year? b. Estimate todays one-year forward exchange rate between the dollar and the euro. 3 Mid-term I Review Questions AK 1. Calculation of Percentage Change in Value Initial exchange rate (peso/$) New exchange rate (peso/$) Percentage change in peso value(beginning rate ending rate) / (ending rate) Values 3. 20 5. 50 -41. 82% Anytime a government sets or resets the value of its currency, it is a managed or fixed exchange rate. If that is the case, any change in its official value must be either a revaluation or devaluation. In this case, it is devaluation. This is evident from the fact that it now takes more pesos per U. S. dollar, so its value is less or devalued. In terms of the percenta ge change calculation, this is indicated by the negative percentage change. 2. Assumptions Vietnamese bank rate (dong/$) Bank commission (%) Saigon Airport Exchange Bureau rate (dong/$) Airport comission (%) Hotel Exchange Bureau rate (dong/$) Hotel comission (%) Values 19,800 2. 50% 19,500 2. 00% 19,400 1. 50% Vietnamese dong proceeds 193,050,000 191,100,000 191,090,000 The combined exchange rate and commission offered in the commercial banks in Vietnam is the better rate. In the case of the Hotel Exchange Bureau rate, although its exchange rate is slightly weaker than the airport, its lower commission makes it preferable over the combined airport rate. 3. Assumptions Price of an ounce of gold in US dollars ($/oz) Price of an ounce of gold in British pounds (? /oz) What is the implied $/? exchange rate? (dollar price of an ounce / pound price of an ounce) Gold Standard Values $20. 67 ?3. 7683 $5. 4852 What If $42. 00 ?3. 7683 $11. 1456 4. C 5. D 4 Mid-term I Review Questions 6. a. What is the pre-devaluation trade balance? Revenues from exports, $ Expenditures on imports, fc Expenditures on imports, $ Pre-devaluation trade balance $2,000 1,440 $2,880 ($880) b. Resulting trade balance immediately after devaluation? Revenues from exports, $ Expenditures on imports, fc New spot exchange rate, after devaluation Expenditures on imports, $ Post-devaluation trade balance (currency contract period) $2,000 1,440 2. 36 $3,398 ($1,398) 7. a. A U. S. food chain imports grape from Chile. Debit to U. S. goods part of current account, credit to Chilean goods part of current account. b. A U. S. resident purchases a euro-denominated bond from a German company. Debit to U. S. portfolio part of financial account; credit to German portfolio of financial account. c. A U. S. university gives a tuition grant to a foreign student from Singapore. If the student is already in the United States, no entry will appear in the balance of payments because payment is between U. S. residents. (A student already in the U. S. becomes a resident for balance of payments purposes. ) d. A British Company imports Spanish oranges, paying with eurodollars on deposit in London. A debit to the goods part of Britain’s current account; a credit to the goods part of Spain’s current account. e. A German automobile firm pays the salary of its executive working for a subsidiary in Detroit. Germany would record a debit in the income payments/receipts in its current account; the U.S. would record a credit in the income payments/receipts in its current account. 8. Assumptions Beginning your trip with euros Spot rate ($/â‚ ¬) Spot rate (Rubles/$) a) What is the Russian ruble/euro cross rate? Cross rate (Rubles/â‚ ¬) Values 15,000. 00 1. 3214 30. 96 40. 91 Rubles/â‚ ¬ = Rubles/$ x $/â‚ ¬ b) How many rubles will you obtain for your euros? Converting your euros into Rubles 613,658 5 Mid-term I Review Que estions 9. a) Yes, the cro ) oss-rate and th quote at De he eutsche Bank are not the sa k ame. b) ) First transactio buy pound at Bank A: 1,000,000/1.5 = pound 64 on: d 54 49,350. 65 ction: buy EU URO at Bank B: 649,350. 65*1. 6 = 1,038 B 8,961. 04 Second transac Third transacti T ion: buy dolla at Bank C: 1,038,961. 04 *0. 97 = 1,00 ar 4 07,792. 2 Pr rofit: $7,792. 2 This type of ar T rbitrage is called: triangula arbitrage. ar hange rate quo are direct quotes on th dollar (US$ otes t he $/A$), the pro oper forward 10. Since the exch remium calcu ulation is: pr Forward premi ium = ( Forw ward Spot ) / (Spot) x (360 / days) 0 US$/A $ Period Spot 1 month h 2 month hs 3 month hs 6 month hs 12 mont ths 24 mont ths Days Forward 30 60 90 180 360 720 US$ $/A$ a. Calculated Bid Rate e 0. 98510 0. 98131 0. 97745 0. 97397 0. 96241 0. 93960 0. 89770 Ask Rate k 0. 98 8540 0. 98 8165 0. 97 7786 0. 97 7441 0. 96 6295 0. 94 4045 0. 89 9900 Mid-Rate 0. 98525 0. 98148 0. 97766 0. 97419 0. 96268 0. 94003 0. 89835 b. Forwa ard Premiu um (discou unt) -4. 5917 7% -4. 6252 2% -4. 4902 2% -4. 5816 6% -4. 5902 2% -4. 4100 0% ard gressively req quire fewer an fewer US d nd dollars per Au ustralian dolla than the cu ar urrent The forwa rates prog spot rate. Therefore the US dollar is selling forwa at a prem es ard mium and the A Australian do ollar is selling g forward at a discount. a 11. ) erest rate arbi itrage (CIA); a) Covered inte b) )Borrow Euro 1,000,000 B 1 Exchange spot at $1. 12/euro to get $1,12 E t o 20,000 In nvest at 1 perc to get $1,131,200 cent Exchange forw E ward at $1. 10/ /euro, to get Euro 1,028,36 E 63. 6 Repay loan Eu 1,011,666. 7 R uro Pr rofit: Euro 16 6,696. 9 ) uro c) F = 1. 12*(1. 01/1. 0116 7) = $1. 1182/eu 6 Mid-term I Review Questions 12. a. According to the Fisher effect, real interest rates should be the same in both Europe and the US. Since the nominal rate = [ (1+real) x (1+expected inflation) ] 1: 1 + real rate = (1 + nominal) / (1 + expected inflation) 1 + nominal rate 1 + expected inflation So 1 + real = and therefore the real rate in the US is: 103. 900% 104. 500% ? 101. 250% 103. 210% 103. 210% 3. 210% The expected rate of inflation in Europe is then: b. From IRP, we know: 1+ Or â‚ ¬ = $/â‚ ¬ ? (1 + $/â‚ ¬ = $ )? $/â‚ ¬ ? 0. 669% 1 $/â‚ ¬ ( $) ( â‚ ¬) Then, Spot exchange rate ($/â‚ ¬) US dollar one-year Treasury bill rate European euro one-year Treasury bill rate One year forward rate ($/â‚ ¬) 1. 3264 4. 500% 3. 900% 1. 3341 7

Napolean Bonaparte Essays (484 words) - Napoleon, French Emperors

Napolean Bonaparte Napoleon Bonaparte ? French Revolution Napoleon was the cure of the French Revolution when he came to power. It would be impossible to put them together. From what was chaos throughout France during the Revolution, came a new government that Napoleon created. He was able to balance the government's budgets and setting up national banks thus helping and supporting the economy of France. He was fair and allowed those who fled during the Revolution, to return, as long as they didn't affect him. He was able to receive support from the Bourgeois since he promoted officials depending on how they did in the job. Thus, the people stopped revolting and it would no longer retain the name Revolution to it. Napoleon was able to strengthen France from their weak states during the Revolution. He was able to invade and conquer much of Europe in which he added to his ever growing empire. He won most of the battles by defending his own people. He made blockades stopping his enemies and all their supplies. So, he was able to keep France safe while attacking and conquering other countries, showing how strong of a leader he was. When Napoleon was doing such feats, France was having the most power it ever had. No one was revolting against that. Napoleon created the Napoleonic Code, giving the country a simple set of rules to follow. It abolished the estate system. This was one of the main points of actually revolting so the people were obviously satisfied with Napoleon when he took office. But these laws still kept Napoleon powerful but the people had less liberty. Even though, their liberty was limited a majority of the French people were satisfied with the abolishment of the estates. If the people were satisfied, then a Revolution while Napoleon was in power, would be pointless. Napoleon was able to control his empire. Napoleon's empire did have a few problems like guerrillas kept attacking Napoleons army, but Napoleon, for the most part, was able to keep this chaos at a minimum. He took charge over his empire since he was the emperor. After Napoleon, no true revolts, if any, were strong enough to knock him out of power. He was such a strong leader that his fall was only because of his own mistake. Napoleon was an Emperor who mended France during the French Revolution and made the government the way that the people preferred it, for the most part. The main reason the French Revolution started was because of the government being unfair to the 3rd estate. Napoleon was able to fix the problem up and from that, France became prosperous. Although he didn't encompass the idea of liberty, he did satisfy the people with equality and fraternity. The French Revolution destroying the Old Regime which allowed Napoleon to reconstruct what was left from it for the good of the people. Bibliography n/a History Reports

Why were Lewis and Clark Ever Hungry Or How Can You Starve in a Sushi Bar

Why were Lewis and Clark Ever Hungry Or How Can You Starve in a Sushi Bar How Can You Starve in a Sushi Bar? The Lewis and Clark expedition had access to an abundance of fish. These fish would make many modern eaters envious. They also could see how the Native Americans survived and thrived on the diet of fish and roots. However, they were not able to enjoy or benefit from this diet and complained about it. This was like starving in the middle of a grocery store. Their preference for familiar tastes and textures may have led them to ignore or not take advantage of a useful resource.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Why were Lewis and Clark Ever Hungry? Or How Can You Starve in a Sushi Bar? specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More They were able to catch fish almost everywhere, as many as, â€Å"318 of different kind† on the Missouri River. This was with a willow and bark drag[1], not even using their supply of fishing hooks. They even encountered salmon spawning runs at both their beginning and end. In what is today Idaho, they saw that, â€Å"The number of dead salmon on the shores floating in the water is incrediable to say.†[2] Later, on the Columbia River, they were there for the start of the salmon run, which caused, â€Å"great joy with the natives†[3]. They had many opportunities to observe Native Americans preparation and serving of all this fish. The Native Americans were surviving everywhere. Some fish was dried, as in Idaho, or boiled in a basket while still somewhat fresh[4]. Somehow, this diet made the local women, â€Å"corpulent†[5], or fat. Some of the fish bought from the Native Americans was pounded , as for example, their Christmas 1805 dinner, which, â€Å" concisted of pore elk,†¦Some spoiled pounded fish and a few roots.†[6] They were around enough salmon to make a modern sushi chef happy, they complained of eating fish. On their way back through Idaho, they even turned down what seems to have been a gift of dried salmon trout and roots. Lewis worried it could make the men sick[7]. However, the local Native Americans, the Nez Perce, obviously ate these things with no trouble. It seems likely that it was something other than the fish/roots themselves that caused trouble. For example, maybe they should have eaten the whole variety of things the locals ate.[8] The Native American tribes lived successfully on fish/roots. Why couldn’t the expedition do the same? The problem could have been the attitude of some of them[9]. Maybe it was what they did, or did not, eat along with these fish and roots. Either way, it is clear that they need not have gone hungry, since there was food all around them. This may be similar to the way that an international student feels when there is nothing familiar to eat, hungry in the middle of the college cafeteria! Reference Jones, Landon Y. The Essential Lewis and Clark. New York, NY: HarperCollins Publishers, 2000.Advertising Looking for essay on his tory? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Footnotes Jones, Landon Y. The Essential Lewis and Clark. HarperCollins Publishers. 2000. Page 7. August 15, 1804 Jones, Page 116. October 17, 1805. Jones, Page 149, April 19, 1806. Jones, Page 116, October 17,1805. Ibid. Jones, Page 128. December 25, 1805 Jones, Page 154-155. May 10, 1806 Jones, Page 92-93. August 16, 1805 One possibility is that they avoided the fatty organ meats the Native Americans enjoyed so much in the following quote from Montana:when they arrived where the deer was which was in view of me they dismounted and ran in tumbling over each other like a parcel of famished dogs each seizing and tearing away a part of the intestens which had been previously thrown out by Drewyer who killed it; the seen was such when I arrived that had I not have had a pretty keen appetite myself I am confident I should not have taisted any part of the venison shortly.   Ã‚   each one h ad a peice of some discription and all eating most ravenously.   Ã‚   some were eating the kidnies the melt [1] and liver and the blood runing from the corners of their mouths, others were in a similar situation with the paunch and guts but the exuding substance in this case from their lips was of a different discription.   Ã‚   one of the last who attacted my attention particularly had been fortunate in his allotment or reather active in the division, he had provided himself with about nine feet of the small guts one end of which he was chewing on while with his hands he was squezzing the contents out at the other. I really did not untill now think that human nature ever presented itself in a shape so nearly allyed to the brute creation. I viewed these poor starved divils with pity and compassion. I directed McNeal to skin the deer and reserved a quarter, the ballance I gave the Chief to be divided among his people; they devoured the whole of it nearly without cooking. I now bo ar obliquely to the left in order to interscept the creek where there was some brush to make a fire, and arrived at this stream where Drewyer had killed a second deer; here nearly the same seene was encored. A fire being kindled we cooked and eat and gave the ballance of the two deer to the Indians who eat the whole of them even to the soft parts of the hoofs. Drewyer joined us at breakfast with a third deer. Jones, Page 130-131. Lewis misses fat meat and salt more than bread. Clark does not miss salt. They clearly have strong preferences, even in the wilderness.

Relieving Students School-Related Stress

Relieving Students School-Related Stress The term â€Å"comic relief† relates to a humorous act or a witty dialogue in a serious literary work to reduce tension or intensify the impact of the particular dramatic action. Similarly, #ComicRelief is a UK-based charitable organization doing funny things (i.e Red Nose Day) to raise the money they can use to eliminate the root causes of social injustice and alleviate the sufferings of those living in poverty around the world. Since 1985, members of #ComicRelief are doing comedy shows on TV and other funny things in homes, workplaces, and schools to raise funds. In reality, the organization’s fundraising strategy not only alleviates stressful life situations of the poor but also reduces work and school-related stress. For instance, funny moments during Red Nose Day in primary and secondary schools temporarily relieved students’ study and other school-related stress. The study shows that most students experienced a large amount of stress in school. The causes and extent of this school-related stress include student’s own pressure to excel, frequent and large amount of homework, extra-curricular activities and chores, demands from teachers, and pressure to get a scholarship. Other studies, on the other hand, found grades, parents’ expectations, and getting along with other people who have different beliefs as sources of stress. Choosing sides and finding allies, difficulties in peer interactions, exams, use of public restrooms are also identified as prevalent school-related stressors. Students that are severely affected by school-related stress experienced physiological and cognitive symptoms such as headaches, stomachaches, shortness of breath, and others while those with cognitive symptoms commonly experienced catastrophic thoughts, humiliation, insanity, and gradually losing self-esteem. In worse cases, students avoiding unpleasant symptoms may refuse to attend school. Get more information here: Perspiration Is Nothing without a Little Bit of Inspiration Developing Students Creativity and Self-Expression through Crayons Is High IQ a Guarantee of Academic Success? The Limits of Academic Freedom Combining Academic Knowledge and Practicality Way of Relieving School-Related Stress Watching and enjoying #ComicRelief funny activities in school can greatly reduce school-related stress. However, students can take some positive steps relieve their stress. They can get involved stress moderating leisure and enjoyable physical activity. Reduce pressures imposed by demanding schoolwork by being more organized, schedule activities and prioritize schoolwork over non-school activities. Learn to say â€Å"No†, adopt a positive attitude, avoid stressful situations, eat a well-balanced meal, sleep early, take the time to relax, and talk about your problems to others. Since stressful situations increased blood pressure, students can benefit from progressive relaxation, yoga, meditation, listening to music, watching funny videos, deep breathing, and exercise. Stressors in schools are directly related to students’ inability to cope with a lot of tasks as well as the conditions of the school environment. School authorities, such as teachers having unrealistic and unreasonable expectations can be a prime source of stress. In college, for instance, stress from a strict curriculum, conflicting class schedules, enormous workload, and dealing with relentless professors is very common. Students, therefore, must develop positive thoughts patterns and responses on stress. These include the ability to overcome difficult moments through productive thinking, letting off steam through proper breathing, relieving physical and mental tensions through exercise, and doing something they truly enjoy. Some effective stress relievers include music, sports, gardening, doing some arts and crafts projects, and participating in church or civil activities. School-related stress is inescapable thus, it is always best for students to improve their problem-solving skills, maintain high-level of self-esteem, have fun and be assertive in confronting stressful situations.

HISTORY AND THEORY OF NEW MEDIA Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

HISTORY AND THEORY OF NEW MEDIA - Essay Example orking at this famous Paris erotic club which was established in 1951 go repeatedly through an ordeal of agony when they get to wear so little and work so hard. The very graceful and artistic movement of their bodies is well explored and choreographed in this documentary in order to show the public how artistic ambitions relate with practicality and how much tension and agony is involved in such association. The beautiful women at Crazy Horse work so hard to present the best artistic talent possible to the public visiting the club but in the process of exhibiting the typical â€Å"French blend of vulgarity and sophistication† (Scott), they suffer a lot themselves. Focusing on physicality and movement, it is shown in the documentary that the naked women dancing at this French club work exceptionally hard with the result that their performances appear to be more aesthetic than erotic. The practice sessions these women go through before finally appearing before the public are als o â€Å"painstakingly detailed affairs† (Turan). Scott, A.O. â€Å"The Agony Behind an Erotic Club’s Ecstasy.† The New York Times. 17 Jan. 2012. Web. 25 Sep. 2012.

Chicano Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Chicano - Essay Example These people belonged to the poorest families in rural areas of Mexico, and did not had any identity in the society, used the term Chicano during the Civil rights Movement in order to amalgamate themselves so that they can be recognized by the world. Chicano descendents reflected distinctive culture of Mexican Americans (Arturo, pp. 197-208). The natives speaking slang language with different pronunciations mocked these people, which was an insult for them. The basis of Chicano was contradictory, as the pronunciation and spelling of Spanish language revolutionized causing discrepancy in differentiating between Chicano and Mexicano, but it was apparent that the word Chicano did not have any effect from this language change. The dual identity of Chicanos entails that these people have neither U.S. origin nor they reflect the Mexican society. This combination of customs of both the nations makes them strive for their acceptance into the American society while retaining their Mexican tra ditions and practices (Arturo, pp. 41-55). A culture reflects the traditions, beliefs, practices, customs, and lifestyles of any society or race. Likewise, Chicano also pertain a diversified culture (Isabel, pp. 63-67). The aspects of Chicano culture are mainly literature, arts, and music. ... 47-61). The people of Chicano possess a very simple yet a colorful lifestyle. The life of Chicanos does not characterize by technology; therefore, they depend upon natural resources to acquire information. These people have poor housing and do not have the access to health facilities. Because of the cultural restrictions, Chicanos have to marry a person of opposite sex within the same race (Isabel, pp. 23-38). They have a strong family relationship, where members are interdependent, and elders are open to suggestions from youngster. Chicano cuisine is famous for its dishes that are very delicious due to inclusion of variety of chilies in it. The basic sources of food such as beans, corn, and peppers are present in huge quantities in their food. The people consume simple, healthy, balanced, and short meals on specific times during the day. Life, death, family bonding, and religious practices are of prime importance to them. They are strong followers of Catholics and those who do not a bide by the obligations, have to face strict consequences. They believe that their religion gives them power to survive through the crises they come across, in their lives (Isabel, pp. 47-61). The idea of death for Chicanos is unlike the concept of death for any other faith as they have a pleasing relation with the dead. Spanish and Catholic have an immense influence on the concept of death for Chicanos. The traditions and practices include a wide variety of celebrations, amongst which the most significant event celebrated by the people of Chicanos is the ‘Day of the Dead’ (Johnston & Winter, pp. 10-14). It resembles the festival of Halloween, celebrated by Americans but the difference

Dulce et Decorum Est - Wilfred Owens Poem Essay Example for Free

Dulce et Decorum Est Wilfred Owens Poem Essay Dulce et Decorum Est Wilfred Owens renowned war poem for its frowning on the glorification on war, and The Last Night by Charlotte Gray, similarly depicting the effects of war on the unimpeachable youth, in prose form. Both are excellent representations of the devastation that war truly is and can only result in, and are both written in historical context, only Dulce et Decorum preceded the latter. Dulce directly juxtaposed another war poet, Jessie Pope, who romanticized the concept of it and really manipulated the patriotic conscience. The irony here is that the even after the former described the trauma that war produced, and the unacceptable manner in how people revered the act, the world went on to WWII. Which almost questions why did it happen, did not the destruction of the previous war play any guilt or effect on the countries leaders? Over the course of this essay, I aim to reveal the physical and mental effects of war as well as covering the idealism and the theme of slaughtering the innocents. In the beginning verse of Dulce, the author plays upon the image of a man walking. Contrastive to the propagandizing posters that were often seen at the time that rendered an erect, striding man holding a gun confidently- a picture of tired, old men is illustrated, which emphasizes the idea that they have aged far too quickly. Bent double, like old beggars and knock-kneed delineate a pigeon-toed figure suffering from pure fatigue an inadequacy to be what is defined as a soldier. In the simile, Coughing like hags, we cursed, we can hear the witch hoarseness of the cough the enigma here is the build-up this state if they have been simply marching through battles, like Jessie Pope presumed. A sense of utter sensory deprivation is conveyed through, Men marched asleep limped on, lame, all tired, drunk with fatigue, deaf even to the hoots. The immediate assumption here is that the men would, if given the choice, collapse in a heap of discomfort, subconscious, and fall asleep. The fact that they are compared to drunken men only accentuates their circumstance, a probable disparity between when they started out as recruits and this moment in the poem. They conjured up a web of deception, and empathy from us, as well as in The Last Night, when the children rest in deep sleep despite the appalling environment really showing their desperation for a moment of peace. The accumulation of all of this is that war has finally taken its toll, the young men evolving or more appropriately, regressing into haggard and withered creatures that have faced acute pain and loss. However, the change in pace within the stanza is evident when faced by death, we experience an ecstasy of fumbling, and this change in speed exposes their anxieties when in the full, frontal face of death, or perhaps the inexplicable torment of a gas attack, as they have seen their peers die in the hands of it before. As they fumble stressing the urgency of the situation not everybody manages to clamber on a gas mask in time. The poem is told from a first-person perspective, although this is not made clear at first, however, this allows us to interpret it from a first-hand simulation. The inevitability of the gas floating towards them like a death sentence is horrific -one soldier inhales it, and the devastating effects described in detail. We watch helplessly at him floundring like a man in fire or lime, which links to burnings at the stake, arguably the worst torture in existence. We see his eyes writhe in his face, a clear connotation of a loon, suggesting he is in an insane, maniacal state. And then his hanging face, like a devils sick of sin., only serves to show how much pain has been delivered. The men then fling him in a wagon which shows the dehumanization of the moment, and they watch him froth and gargle blood, twisting unnaturally. The incurable sores is exactly what it says, incurable. The physical effects are irrevocable, physically and mentally. Through use of emotive metaphors and similes, Owen molds an indubitably sickening portrayal of a suffering man, introducing the readers to the realities of war. Likewise, The Last Night also paints a picture of suffering, but in a far subtler manner. Unlike the soldiers in Dulce, the fate of these innocent, Jewish children is unavoidable for everyone, thus having a certain sadness to it. They have been sentenced to the gas chambers as well, and we can deduce that they will face like pain to the soldier in the previous paragraph, which, for a child, we all know is terrifying and never deserved. The pain we encounter in this extract is more that of basic deprivations, like food, water, and love too. We can understand that the children are exhausted because, despite the most likely uncomfortable surroundings, many of the children were too deeply asleep to be aroused. The children sleep in dung: the soft bloom of cheek laid, uncaring, shows a child with a tinge of rose in his cheeks, the sweetness and the unfairness of this trial he must endure. Again, they are reduced to an animalistic level, Jacobs limbs were intertwined with his [his brothers] for warmth.; this imitates two young, baby animals that lie together, unknowing of the worlds cruelties or the predators that stalk them. The children are ravenous and denied of sufficient food and drink, as they cluster around a woman holding out sardine cans for water, and as we know, these cans are remarkably slim and unsuitable to drink water from, especially when the can is passed around of a crowd. They are each provided with a sandwich, this severe rationing a punishment they do not deserve. The physical pain that is shown in this section of The Last Night is purely tiredness and hunger, two qualities good parents ensure their children are not. Their frail bodies find it difficult to withstand this, but the dramatic irony here is that their fate in store is much worse and absolutely inhumane. A shower of scraps was thrown towards them reiterates the animals they are being essentially treated as. As for the mental pain faced by the soldiers, it must surpass the physical by far. From the lies, to leaving their loved ones, the pain and the distant memories are even more difficult to face. Homesickness, when really experienced, can be a very intense and sad feeling, and this does not really raise any morale. One can only imagine their befuddlement when arriving to the trenches and wondering where their accommodation was. As continued from the previous, their mental velocity increased tremendously when in the face of adversity and death. This can only be expected, and is marked by the Gas! Gas! Quick, boys!. The mental anguish when they see their peer suffer but are utterly of no use in this is astounding, and the scene runs almost as a nightmarish sequence, as signified by Dim through the misty panes, and thick green light. In all my dreams before my helpless sight.. The dramatic verb drown is used, and they watch their former companion die in the sea of gas, they having escaped the same fate by only a second or two. This fact is enough to leave them in a state of momentary shock, and in the future, a play back of this episode is probably revisited by every soldier who saw the sight and regretted having being unable to help him in any way the same shock was experienced when all the Jews realized their time had come: a quickening of muscle and nerve in The Last Night. Through each line, we must remember whom the poem was addressed to, and we can sense some underlying bitterness. The triplet guttering, choking, drowning throws itself out with a dynamic impact. It wouldnt be expected for the children to know of their demise, but as seen in the excerpt, they seem to sense something wrong. This is why In the filthy straw, they dug their heels in and screamed. Instead of just struggling, they choose to scream, which reveals their internal uncertainties and distress. The metaphor dig means they are trying to fix themselves in the straw, and how they distrust the officers. They are forced towards and crammed in a bus, which again, brings back the animal-like treatment motif. As the adults wrote their possibly last messages which had no to little guarantee of delivery, some wrote with sobbing passion and some with punctilious care. Both adjectives suggest a degree of great mental turmoil, the only difference being the latter having some restraint. Yet there is a recognition of hopelessness in the atmosphere, the adults in the room sat slumped against the wall., the emotions going through them must have been complex, but ultimately, an increasing feel of nothing can be done, and giving up. This is not a movie where the resolution magically occurs, but this is a depiction of reality. As the officers call out their names alphabetically, in a standardized order, this shows how devoid of emotion or remorse they are, and how each child and each person is reduced to just another name. There is a nervous and tense atmosphere, it seems as if everybody is waiting for some justice to occur, but as we know, this does not happen. They are quickly thrown into the buses, the homely sound of a Parisian bus is somehow mocking to the whole scene. Probably the most heart-rending image is when a mother sees her child for the last time her eyes were fixed with terrible ferocity intensely open to fix the picture of her child, for ever. To see your child for the last time, to know of the death, to be able to do nothing about it, as in Dulce, there is the same sense of no faith or hope. The wails and screams of the women as they throw food towards the buses from the camp knowing the food will never reach, but desperately wanting to do something anyhow is the final time they will ever see their maternal figures, and the children are, precisely put, doomed. The fact that none of the officers act even merely touched by their fellow humans sadness is repulsive. Five municipal buses now stood trembling in the corner of the yard the buses are personified, which is a symbolic representation of their fear. The story concludes with the bus turning away, the headlights, for a moment, light up the cafà ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½ opposite before the driver turned the wheel and headed for the station. This glimpse of something perfectly normal spotlights the unfairness of it all on the children who at one time, had that other life. The theme of glory and innocence is well covered in Dulce. In fact, the title is sufficient, To die for your country, is a sweet thing. The poem runs on to contradict it, ending with, The old lie: Dulce Et Decorum Est, Pro Patria Mori. And we are forced to agree, having been witness to the preceding bloodshed. If you could hear, at every jolt, the blood come gargling from the froth-corrupted lungs thy friend, you could not tell with such high zest, to children ardent for some desperate glory, The Old Lie:, this quotation sums up all the contempt he has for any form of glorification of war, when really it is ones own sacrifice rather than an obligation. It has a tinge of instruction to it, almost as if he trying to convince her in an angry, forceful way, and if he said it verbally, it seems as if it would increase with volume. This is quite justified, as Jessie Pope idealized war as fun, and liked it to a game, and that anybody who chickened out was basically a coward. This induced such an outrage that Owen felt he needed to prove how nauseating the concept was. He addresses the soldiers as children, which somehow brings out their naivety and how easy it is to convince adults generally lie to children in order to mask the truth. The young men were obviously targeted for recruiting and decided to join more out of fear of mockery rather than pure patriotism. The concept of innocence in The Last Night is brought up quite often, the youngness of the children is stressed upon. For example, Some children were too small to manage the step up and A baby few weeks cot was crammed into the bus. If the children are too small to even step onto the bus themselves, and require support, and they really criminals or infested jews? They are too young to even know the reason for their death, and as soon as they came into this world, they were stolen just as quickly. They have no ability to reason, no ability to know of the dangers, no ability to believe in anything, yet simply because of their religion something they are most likely unaware of they have been sentenced to die and never experience any of lifes pleasures. If they havent learnt simple motor skills, how can they be expected to react to a gas attack? The pure horror of it can never be condensed it is like those horror stories materialized. Dulce and The Last Night are both classic pieces of history, genuine and likely more realistic records of those corrupt events that hopefully will not happen ever again. They are both timeless, and dark reminders of why war shouldnt happen, although pain is still inflicted, every second. These two pieces are a reminder that pain can never truly be prevented as that is how a few are wired to work and these few have the power to influnce many others. However, the main point the pieces try to bridge across is the innocence of the fighters who are more like pawns or victims and the superfluous glorification of war. Something that pains another should never be laughed or promoted in any form, as fundamentally, we are one species, we are the same, as Shylock in the Merchant of Venice so eloquently expressed. The quotation Do unto others as others would do unto you, applies to both concepts the writers try to draw, but in the end, the sadness in both renditions of war is the dehumanization and of course, the gruesome massacres, but mostly, the indifference. The indifference of the bystanders as well as the leaders.

How John Donne Showed His Love Essay -- essays research papers fc

How John Donne Showed his Love John Donne’s poetry has been both ridiculed and praised. One reason for the ridicule is due to the fact that many people believe his work is vulgar, and his discussion of sex may seem improper to some people. Even in this modern age some people may find it a bit offensive. You can imagine what people thought of it in the sixteenth century. His discussion of sex in this “disgusting'; manner is more obvious and prevalent in his early work, while he still had many female acquaintances and before he was settled down with his wife. Donne eloped with his underage lover Anne More which in itself was a scandalous event. Her father, Sir George More, objected to their marriage. Her father was so irritated he had John thrown in jail for marrying a minor without parental consent. Though the couple went through many hardships they loved each other very deeply (Grolier Multimedia Encyclopedia). The words in Donne’s poetry after the marriage only proved that fact. After their marriage the words in his poetry showed a more emotional side of Doone, you could sense the feeling of true love through the words. The way he spoke about the love he and his wife shared during this time shows it was much more then just sexual, and the sex was much more meaningful. After the death of his wife in 1617, Donne was devastated and although he had already been involved in the church even becoming an ordained minister for the Church of England (Grolier Multimedia Encyclopedia). His relationship with God became stronger almost as a replacement for his one true love Anne. At times in his poetry it is even difficult to tell if he is talking about God or his lover. Whether you think Donne’s poetry is perverted or not one can hardly call his work anything but genius. He is after all considered to be the leader of the metaphysical school of poets. As Herbert Grierson explains, Metaphysical Poetry “has been inspired by a philosophical conception of the universe and the rà ´le assigned to the human spirit in a great drama of existence'; (147-148). As Theodore Redpath illustrates “everywhere in the poems are to be found instances of rapid and ingenious thinking'; (223). The wording which he uses in his poetry can be some what difficult to comprehend at times. Once it is understood, his emotions and feelings... ...ertaining to his wife, he loved her deeply. I sincerely believe the poems were written for her. It is also possible that he had adulterous relationships, which he most likely did. He loved his wife nobody took her place. If he did have adulterous relationships it was just because they lusted each other and did not love each other. These adulterous relationships were entirely sexual. And that is what Bennett is trying to state. Nevertheless Donne’s poetry is very compelling, full of great metaphors and really gives youa sense what he is feeling. The feeling of love can be felt throughout, true love. Works Cited Bennett, Joan. “The Love Poetry of John Donne.'; Donne 178-194. Donne, John. John Donne’s Poetry: Authoritative Texts; criticism. Ed. Arthur L. Clements. 2nded. New York and London: Norton, 1992. Grierson, Herbert Sir. “Donne and Metaphysical Poetry.'; Donne 147-157. Grolier Multimedia Encyclopedia, 1996 Grolier Interactive Inc. Microsoft Encarta 98 Encyclopedia, 1993-1997 Microsoft Company Online. Internet. 19 March 1999. http://www.ultranet.com/ rsarkiss/DONNE.HTM Redpath, Theodore. “The Songs and Sonnets.'; Donne 217-227.

Harrah’s Entertainment Inc.

Harrah's Entertainment Inc. Philip G. Satre, CEO of Harrah's Entertainment Inc. , had steered the company to a new direction and created a new competitive advantage for the company. In 1998, Gary Loveman joined Harrah's as chief operating officer (COO) and helped the company to change from operations-driven company that had its properties operate as â€Å"standalone business,† to a marketing-driven company that focused on the target customers and build loyalty under Harrah's brand. By December 1999, Harrah's had 50% growth in revenue and 100% growth in stock price and profits, which the results were significantly better than the industry. However, Satre had two questions for Gary Loveman and his team. He wanted to know how much percentage of the marketing dollars was accounted for this success and was these marketing efforts sustainable. Phillip Satre became CEO of Harrah's Entertainment Inc. in 1984. His first sustainable competitive advantage was to focus on customer. The first CRM system was the Winner's Information Network, which collected and analyzed data based on customers' play. The strategy was a success until mid 1990s when there were more competitors entered the market with better and flashier properties. The company launched the Total Gold program in fall 1997, which focused more on increasing customer royalty. After Gary Loveman joined the company in 1998, the data he analyzed was showed that customers had little loyalty to the company, so the company's main focus was to increase customers' loyalty. In order to succeed, Loveman introduced three major plans: changing the organization structure/ building the Harrah's brand, delivering extraordinary service, and exploiting relationship marketing opportunities. The new CRM was recreated and consisted of two components: Database Marketing (DBM) and the Total Gold Program. DBM could precisely predict â€Å"customer worth† – how much the casino expected to win from a customer. This system helped Harrah's to identify its potential great customers. It also helped Harrah's to develop customer centric approach to direct marketing, which comprised 3 phases to a customer relationship: new business, loyal and retention. The Total Gold Program was created to assist and support the cross-market visitation patterns of the customers. The Total Gold Program increased Harrah's cross-market revenues from 13% in 1997 to 23% in 2000. It also helped Harrah to create true royalty program which motivated customers to set goals and explained clearly for how to achieve them. Harrah's main focus was to increase customers' loyalty, so the metrics that could be used to assess its performance were customer satisfaction and customer loyalty. As far as how much percentage of the marketing efforts had contributed to the overall performance which could be measured by using return on investment metric. This competitive advantage probably sustained until the competitors introduced similar programs, which Harrah's might have to come up with new innovations. However, Harrah's had excelled in customer intimacy and also did very well in product leadership, which put Harrah's in better position than its competitors.

The Overuse Bone Injuries Health And Social Care Essay

Overuse bone hurts normally result in emphasis breaks. The first written history of emphasis breaks was by Breithaupt in 1855 who described ‘the syndrome of painful conceited pess associated with processing ‘ among Prussian soldiers ( Breithaupt 1855 ) . The highest incidence of emphasis breaks occurs in path and field jocks, with rates of 10 to 31 % ( Bennell, Malcolm, et Al. 1996 ) . Stress breaks are besides normally seen in gymnastic exercises, lacrosse, figure skating, concert dance, hoops and football ( Burr and Milgrom 2001 ) . Most stress breaks occur in the lower limbs with over 50 % happening to the calf bone and shinbone ( Figure 1 ) ( McBryde 1985 ) . Certain stress break sites tend to be associated with certain athleticss, e.g. Medial malleolus of the shinbone and tarsal scaphoid emphasis break are common in high jumpers ( Ivkovic, et Al. 2007 ) . Fibula Fourth and Fifth OTHER Figure 1: Distribution of the common sites of emphasis breaks. Adapted from McBryde, 1985. The chief feature of a stress break is localized, gradual hurting which increasingly increases with activity and is relieved with remainder ( Burr and Milgrom 2001 ) . There is normally a recent alteration in developing prior to the oncoming of hurting. A radionuclide scan is used to name a stress break. Radionuclide ‘s collect in countries where there is increased bone activity ( where bone cells are interrupting down or mending parts of the bone ) , looking as ‘hot musca volitanss ‘ on the image.PathogenesisStress breaks result from insistent burden and be given to non be associated with a history of injury. They are frequently considered to be a mechanical weariness driven procedure. They typically occur after a period of 4-6 hebdomads of increased activity. There are two hypotheses for the cause of emphasis breaks. The first, described in figure 2, is described as a biological procedure where bone remodelling is stimulated by mechanical lading doing porousness a nd decreased bone mass. Mechanical Loading Osteonal Remodelling Porosity ‘Focal transient osteopenia ‘ Local Strain MicrodamageStress FractureContinued Loading The 2nd hypothesis is that a emphasis break occurs from the development and growing of microcracks within the bone. Strain scopes of 5000-10000 microstrains are needed for a bone to neglect in weariness ( Caler and Carter 1989 ) . However, surveies indicate that the extremum strain in worlds is in the scope of 2000-2500 microstrains ( Burr and Milgrom 2001 ) . In order for this hypothesis to be right we would necessitate to lade our castanetss up to 10 million burden rhythms in to develop a emphasis break. Bone readily sustains microdamage from weariness during insistent burden but this would non take to a break in the clip class feature of emphasis breaks ( Burr and Milgrom 2001 ) . There must be other mechanisms involved in the development of emphasis breaks, which need to be explained, for this hypothesis to be valid.Figure 2: Hypothesised mechanism for the development of emphasis breaks. Adapted from Burr and Milgrom ( 2001 )Stress breaks occur as portion of a positive feedback m echanism. Increased mechanical burden stimulates bone turnover. Osteoclasts resorb preexistent bone, doing bone porousness which can last several months. Stiffness of the bone decreases quickly in response to little alterations in bone porousness. Once a threshold has been reached ( either through increased porousness or burden ) the bone becomes unstable and breaks occur ( Martin 1995 ) . Injury, cytokines, altered mechanical burden and weariness can all trip bone remodelling.There are a figure of factors that can straight or indirectly influence emphasis factors in jocks ( shown in figure 3 ) . There seems to be a complex interaction between these factors and some have contradictory grounds in surveies. The chief factors associated with stress break incidence are smaller castanetss, leg length disagreement, musculus weariness and preparation factors. Bone disease ( Pathology ) Hormone position and endocrines Exercise ( bone burden ) Diet and Nutrition Geneticss Joint scope and musculus flexibleness Foot type Lower appendage alliance Altered pace Complete Fracture Stress Fracture Stress Injury Stress Reaction Accelerated Remodelling Normal Remodelling Continuum of clinical responses to cram burden Body size and composing Training surfaces Footwear Magnitude of each strain rhythm Muscle strength Muscle weariness Entire figure of strain rhythms ( developing volume ) Frequency of strain rhythms ( developing strength ) Duration of each strain rhythm Bone disease ( Pathology ) Hormone position and endocrines Exercise ( bone burden ) Joint scope and musculus flexibleness Diet and Nutrition Geneticss Foot type Lower appendage alliance Altered pace Bone Response Impact fading Training Bone Health Gait Mechanicss Bone LoadingFigure 3: Contribution of hazard factors to emphasize fracture pathogenesis. Adapted from Brukner, Bennell and Matheson ( 1999 ) .Insistent mechanical burden from exercising contributes to emphasize break development. Training causes alterations in degrees of endocrines, such as sex endocrines, that may act upon bone indirectly. An addition in musculus mass could be protective against emphasis breaks. Military surveies have shown that intercessions such as remainder periods, riddance of running on concrete, the usage of running places and decrease of high impact activity can diminish the incidence of emphasis breaks ( Pester and Smith 1992 ) . An addition in preparation volume has been linked to an addition in stress break incidence in smugglers ( Brunet, et Al. 1990 ) and concert dance terpsichoreans, ( Kadel, Teitz and Kronmal 1992 ) and 86 % of jocks can place a alteration in developing prior to the oncoming of the break ( Sullivan, et Al. 1984 ) . However there is sma ll controlled research in jocks as to whether developing alterations can diminish the incidence. Foot construction determines the sum of daze absorbed and the sum of force transferred. A high arched pes is less able to absorb daze due to it being more stiff than a low arched pes. However a low arched pes tends to pronate which consequences in increased tortuosity on the shinbone and muscular weariness as they attempt to command the inordinate gesture ( Burr and Milgrom 2001 ) . A low arched pes is the most common pes type in jocks with stress breaks but both foot types could be at an increased hazard of emphasis breaks ( Sullivan, et Al. 1984 ) . A difference in leg length besides increases stress break incidence ( Bennell, Malcolm, et Al. 1996 ) . Stress break development has besides been linked to an addition in hep ageless rotary motion and a lessening in the scope of ankle dorsiflexion ( Burr and Milgrom 2001 ) . Persons with hapless physical conditioning tend to hold a deficiency of muscular strength and are prone to muscular weariness which increases the hazard of stress break ( Burr and Milgrom 2001 ) . Under normal conditions, musculuss act protectively by undertaking to cut down strains on bone surfaces. Once fatigued, there is increased strain at the site of musculus fond regard ( Yosjikawa, et Al. 1994 ) . Changes in Ca metamorphosis may predispose persons to emphasize breaks by impacting bone remodelling and bone denseness, although there is no grounds to back up this as yet ( Burr and Milgrom 2001 ) . Other factors that influence bone wellness and perchance stress break hazard include glutocorticoids, growing endocrine and tetraiodothyronine. Nutritional surveies have by and large failed to happen a relationship between low Ca consumption and stress break incidence. However one survey found that Ca consumption was much lower in the group with emphasis breaks ( Myburgh, et Al. 1990 ) . The consumption of salt, protein, P, caffeine and intoxicant all disrupt the balance of Ca, but there are no studies of any association with these factors and stress factors as yet. The jocks at each appendage of the preparation spectrum are at most hazard. Novice athletes or ‘weekend warriors ‘ are more likely to prolong stress breaks. High public presentation jocks are besides at hazard. Although their physical conditioning is good, the demands on them are so high that an overuse hurt may happen.GenderThe chief factor finding stress break hazard in adult females is genetic sciences. Familial factors affect bone geometry, bone alliance, hormonal environment every bit good as act uponing psychological traits which can impact developing wonts and eating and catamenial perturbations. Women besides seem to be more susceptible to environmental influences such as the ‘ideal ‘ organic structure portrayed by the media ( Hausenblas and Carron 1990 ) . Women by and large have higher incidence of emphasis breaks, with amenorrhoeic adult females holding a higher incidence than normally-menstruating adult females ( Feingold and Hame 2006 ) . The ground why amenorrheic adult females develop more emphasis breaks is ill-defined but may non be related to low bone denseness ( Ivkovic, et Al. 2007 ) . The shinbone is the most normally affected site in both males and females, with breaks of the tarsal scaphoid, femoral cervix, metatarsal and pelvic girdle preponderantly associated with the female jock ( Bennell and Brukner 1997 ) . Womans tend to devour unequal sums of micro and macro foods. Boness contain a high sum of Ca and if there is dietetic inadequacies this Ca is used by the organic structure and could compromise bone strength. This is rare in western society and merely terrible dietetic limitation will do mineral depletion. However, amenhorrheic and postmenopausal adult females lose Ca during urinary elimination due to low oestrogen degrees and hence necessitate an increased Ca consumption. The grounds for a relationship between Ca and emphasis breaks is inconclusive. Studies conducted on concert dance terpsichoreans and female path and field jocks found no important difference in the Ca consumption of those with stress breaks and those without ( Kadel, Teitz and Kronmal 1992 ) ( Bennell, Malcolm, et Al. 1996 ) . Childhood Ca consumption could be a deciding factor, but merely one survey has assessed this and no relationship was seen ( Grimston, et Al. 1991 ) . Disordered eating forms have been associat ed with increased emphasis break hazard. Track and field jocks and concert dance terpsichoreans with emphasis breaks are more likely to curtail their Calories intake and avoided high fat nutrient ( Frusztajer, et Al. 1990 ) ( Bennel, et Al. 1995 ) . Sexual activity endocrines play an of import portion in act uponing stress break hazard. Athletic adult females tend to hold a higher prevalence of catamenial perturbations than the general population ( Burr and Milgrom 2001 ) . This is normally seen in athleticss such as concert dance, gymnastic exercises and distance running. This relationship causes a two to four crease increased hazard of stress break, but the mechanism of increased hazard is non known. It could ensue in lower bone denseness or decreased peak bone mass. Oral Contraceptive pills have a major impact on skeletal wellness in female jocks. They are normally prescribed as a stress break intervention to better bone mass. Some research workers claim that unwritten preventives can forestall stress break development by supplying a beginning of oestrogen that increases bone denseness ( Burr and Milgrom 2001 ) . Current and past users of unwritten preventives have been found to hold greater bone mass than non-users ( Recker, et Al. 1992 ) . However there are some conflicting informations which show no consequence on bone mass with unwritten preventive usage, and some that show a possible damaging consequence. Smaller castanetss in males are associated with the greatest hazard of break. Since adult females have smaller castanetss than work forces, you could presume that this would predispose adult females to breaks ( Burr and Milgrom 2001 ) . However, no survey has shown any association between bone size and emphasis breaks. There is grounds that lower bone denseness may play a function in stress break development in adult females. A survey showed that athletic adult females with lower bone mineral content and denseness sustained emphasis breaks ( Bennell, Malcolm, et Al. 1996 ) . These adult females nevertheless had higher degrees of bone denseness than the general population. This implies that the degree of bone denseness required for active adult females needs to be much greater than non-athletes.AgeBone disease ( Pathology ) Hormone position and endocrines Exercise ( bone burden ) Joint scope and musculus flexibleness Diet and Nutrition Geneticss Foot type Lower appendage alliance Altered gaitPeak incidence of emphasis breaks is seen in 16-25 twelvemonth olds, but may happen at any age. Kadel, Teitz and Kronmal ( 1992 ) found no relationship between age and stress break incidence in concert dance terpsichoreans and Brunet, et Al. ( 1990 ) came to the same decision for smugglers.Traumatic Bone InjuriesMost breaks of bone tend to happen from a individual important force to a healthy bone such as during engagement in athletics. Weaker forces can fracture a bone that has been weakened by upsets such as malignant neoplastic disease, cysts or osteoporosis. Traumatic injures of bone are summarised in table 1. Dislocations of castanetss can besides happen during featuring activities. The most normally dislocated limb articulation is the shoulder. A disjointed shoulder is a common shoulder hurt in contact athleticss such as rugger and soldierly humanistic disciplines. Type Description Transverse Complete break that is perpendicular to the bone axis. Can be cause by a direct blow to the bone or as a consequence of a insistent action, such as running. Oblique Broken at an angle across the bone. Resulting from an angled blow. Frequently found in long castanetss. Coiling Occur when a portion of the organic structure is trapped and the bordering bone is twisted. Rare but are can be seen in athleticss such as arm wrestle and skiing. Comminuted Bone is fractured into several pieces with suppression or chip. Occur as a consequence of great force, normally auto accidents. Segmental Consequences in several big bone fragments. An unfastened break can happen if the fragments pierce the tegument. Avulsed A fragment of bone is torn off at sites of sinew and ligament interpolation. Occur when the external forces are greater than the forces keeping the bone together. Common in kids and during jumping and throwing actions. Impacted Bone fragments are driven into each other, shortening the bone. Normally occur when seeking to interrupt autumn by making out with the weaponries or legs. Torus One side of the bone may clasp upon itself. Common in kids because they have ‘softer ‘ castanetss. Greenstick Bone is cracked on one side. Common in kids by a blow to the forearm or shinbone. Table 1 ; Summary of the different types of bone breaks. Images used from Roberts ( 2010 ) . A comparatively unsophisticated break can mend within hebdomads or months via bone remodelling. New tissue can be produced within hebdomads and a gradual addition in mechanical burden will guarantee optimum remodelling ( Roberts 2010 ) . Serious complications from a break are rare. Arteries could go injured in closed supracondylar breaks of long castanetss along with compartment syndrome ( the compaction of nervousnesss, blood vass, and musculus inside a closed infinite ) and nerve hurt ( Roberts 2010 ) . Open breaks could ensue in infections that can take to osteomyelitis. Osteomyelitis is characterised by redness and devastation of bone by bacteriums such as staphylococci aureus. Some breaks can ensue in the release of fat that can blockade the lungs and do respiratory jobs ; this is known as fat intercalation syndrome ( Odegard 2005 ) . Misalignment of articular gristle by a bone break can do degenerative arthritis and joint motion damage.Traumatic Bone Injuries in ChildrenApproxi mately 15 % of all breaks in kids involve the physis ( Caine, DiFiori and Maffulli 2006 ) . Mechanical emphasis from athleticss such as football and hockey or by insistent burden required in athleticss such as long distance running, gymnastic exercises and baseball can do exceedance of the tolerance bounds of the physis ( Caine, DiFiori and Maffulli 2006 ) . Injury can do a perturbation to physeal growing and can take to length disagreement, angular malformation or altered joint mechanisms which may do important long term disablement ( Caine, DiFiori and Maffulli 2006 ) . Physeal hurts can ensue in irreversible harm to turning cells ( Caine, DiFiori and Maffulli 2006 ) . The growing home base gristle is more vulnerable to emphasize and forces than grownup gristle and next bone ( Micheli 1986 ) . The physis can besides be up to 5 times weaker than the environing hempen tissue. An hurt that could rupture a ligament or dislocated a joint in an grownup may bring forth a separation of the growing home base in a kid due to the above grounds ( Caine, DiFiori and Maffulli 2006 ) . Figure 4 summarises the different types of physeal hurts. The susceptibleness for break is far more outstanding during periods of rapid growing such as during pubescence ( Benton 1982 ) . Increased growing rates and structural alterations result in a thicker and more delicate home base. Bone mineralisation besides lags behind bone growing which renders the bone porous and more susceptible to injury. Micheli ( 1983 ) proposed a controversial construct that rapid growing may do an increased hazard of hurt due to muscle-tendon stringency around the articulations and a loss in flexibleness. Long castanetss or the appendages usual grow longitudinally ab initio with muscle-tendon units reacting to the alteration by stretching, which may do an instability ( Caine, DiFiori and Maffulli 2006 ) .Figure 4: Types of growing home base hurts seen in kids. Adapted from Caine, DiFiori and Maffulli ( 2006 )A – A complete separation of the epiphysis from the metaphysis with the originative cells of the growing home base staying with the epiphysis. B – Most common physeal hurt. Separation on the epiphysis and metaphysis along the growing home base accompanied by a break of a triangular molded metaphyseal fragment. C – Fracture extends through the epiphysis from the joint and along the growing home base. D – Fracture extends from the joint surface, across the growing home base and through the metaphysis. E – Uncommon hurt. The growing home base is compressed which prevents farther bone growing. Metaphysis Epiphysis Growth Plate Tocopherol Calciferol C Bacillus A Skeletal hurts are common in athletics, particularly contact athleticss, gymnastic exercises and skiing. A break amendss non merely bone but besides soft tissues environing the country, such as sinews, ligaments, musculuss, nervousnesss, blood vass and tegument. Overuse hurts of bone occur as a consequence of repeated burden over a long period. They are common in athleticss such as running, concert dance and football. Word Count – 1987

Rediscovery and Regression Dreams and the Self in The Interpretation of Dreams by Sigmund Freud essays

Rediscovery and Regression Dreams and the Self in The Interpretation of Dreams by Sigmund Freud essays The development of human society in the 19th and 20th centuries is characterized by the emergence of individualism, where people are giving focus more on the "self' rather than the society. This prevalent trend is reiterated by ideologies and philosophies that have been influential in the field of natural and social sciences. The concept of the "Self" is influenced by the individualist society prevalent in Western societies. Indeed, individualism through introspection is evident in the main themes discussed among discourses and literary works of this period. Sigmund Freud was an Austrian physician and founder of psychoanalysis. Psychoanalysis is a branch of psychology where unlearned biological instincts and experiences influence the way people think, feel, and behave. He developed 20th century philosophy and thought, influencing people with his works on the theme of individualism through introspection, mainly through the method of psychoanalysis. Psychoanalysis emerged as one the new methods where analysis of psychological illnesses (mental and emotional) is diagnosed through a study and investigation of the patient's childhood. Primarily, Freud looks at the early relationship of the patient with his/her parents; this is because Freud believed that an individual's early environment shapes and influences the personality of the individual as s/he grows up. Hence, psychoanalysis is an approach where there is emphasis on the unconscious part of the mind, conflict between biological instincts and society's demands, early family experiences. One of his discourses is The Interpretation of Dreams. In this work, Freud explores his 3-year analysis of the Self, conducted through psychoanalysis. Furthermore, he illustrates how the Self is discovered through dreams, where, as Freud, describes, "we suddenly emerge upon a piece of high ground, where the path divides and t...

Understanding the Big Five Personality Traits

Understanding the Big Five Personality Traits Todays psychologists agree that personality can be described by five broad traits: openness to experience, conscientiousness, extraversion, agreeableness, and neuroticism. Together, these traits make up the five-factor model of personality known as the Big Five. Key Takeaways: Big Five Personality Traits The Big Five personality traits are openness to experience, conscientiousness, extraversion, agreeableness, and neuroticism.Each trait represents a continuum. Individuals can fall anywhere on the continuum for each trait.Evidence suggests that personality is highly stable during adulthood, although small changes may be possible. Origin of the Big Five Model The Big Five, as well as other models that specify human personality traits, arises from the lexical hypothesis, which was first proposed by Francis Galton in the 1800s. The lexical hypothesis states that every natural language contains all the personality descriptions that are relevant and important to the speakers of that language. In 1936, pioneering psychologist Gordon Allport and his colleague Henry Odbert explored this hypothesis by going through an unabridged English dictionary and creating a list of 18,000 words related to individual differences. Approximately 4,500 of those terms reflected personality traits. This sprawling set of terms gave psychologists interested in the lexical hypothesis a place to start, but it wasnt useful for research, so other scholars attempted to narrow the set of words down. Eventually, in the 1940s, Raymond Cattell and his colleagues used statistical methods to reduce the list to a set of only 16 traits. Several additional scholars analyzed Cattell’s work, including Donald Fiske in 1949, and they all came to a similar conclusion: the data contained a strong, stable set of five traits. However, it wasnt until the 1980s that the Big Five began to receive wider scholarly attention. Today, the Big Five is a ubiquitous part of psychology research, and psychologists largely agree that personality can be grouped into the five basic traits specified by the Big Five. The Big Five Traits Each Big Five trait represents a continuum. For example, the trait of extraversion’s opposite is introversion. Together, extraversion and introversion make up opposing ends of a spectrum for that Big Five trait. People can be very extraverted or very introverted, but most people will fall somewhere in between the extremes of the spectrum.   Its also important to remember that each trait of the Big Five is very broad, representing a cluster of many personality characteristics. These characteristics are more specific and granular than each of the five traits as a whole. Thus, each trait can be defined in general and also broken down into several facets. Openness to Experience If you possess high openness to experience, you are open to all the original and complex things life has to offer, both experientially and mentally. The opposite of openness to experience is close-mindedness. Individuals with this trait are usually: CuriousImaginativeArtisticInterested in many thingsExcitableUnconventional Conscientiousness Conscientiousness means having good impulse control, which enables individuals to fulfill tasks and meet goals. Conscientious behavior includes planning and organization, delaying gratification, avoiding compulsive action, and following cultural norms. The opposite of conscientiousness is lack of direction. Key facets of conscientiousness include: CompetenceOrder, or organizational skillsDutifulness, or a lack of carelessnessAchievement through hard workSelf-disciplineBeing deliberate and controlled Extraversion Extraverted individuals who draws their energy from their interactions with the social world. Extraverts are sociable, talkative, and outgoing. The opposite of extraversion is introversion. Extraverts are typically: GregariousAssertiveActiveExcitement-seekingEmotionally positive and enthusiasticWarm and outgoing Agreeableness The trait of agreeableness refers to a positive and altruistic orientation. This trait enables individuals to see the best in others, trust others, and behave prosocially. The opposite of agreeableness is antagonism. Agreeable people are often: Trusting and forgivingStraightforward and undemandingAltruisticAffable and amenableModestSympathetic to others Neuroticism Neuroticism refers to a tendency towards negative emotions and includes experiences like feeling anxious and depressed. The opposite of neuroticism is emotional stability. Key facets of neuroticism include: Anxiety and tensionAngry hostility and irritability,Depression,Self-consciousness and shyness,Being impulsive and moodyLack of self-confidence The acronym OCEAN is a handy device for the traits specified by the Big Five. Can Personality Be Changed? Personality traits tend to be highly stable during adulthood. While some gradual shifts in personality traits may be possible, these shifts are generally not drastic. In other words, if an individual is low on the trait of extraversion (meaning they are more introverted than extraverted), they are likely to stay that way, though they may become slightly more or less extraverted over time. This consistency is partially explained by genetics, which plays a significant role in the traits one develops. For example, one twin study showed that when the Big Five personality traits of identical and fraternal twins were assessed, the influence of genetics was 61% for openness to experience, 44% for conscientiousness, 53% for extraversion, and 41% for both agreeableness and neuroticism. Environment may indirectly reinforce inherited traits as well. For instance, in creating an environment that works with their own traits, parents also create an environment that works with their children’s traits. Similarly, as adults, people choose environments that reinforce and support their traits. The Big Five in Childhood Research on the Big Five has been criticized in the past for focusing primarily on adult personality development and ignoring the development of these traits in children. Yet, recent research has shown that children as young as five have the ability to describe their personality and that by six, children begin to show consistency and stability in the traits of conscientiousness, extraversion, and agreeableness. Two other studies showed that while the Big Five seems to manifest in children, childrens personalities may also include additional traits. One study of American adolescent boys found that in addition to the Big Five traits, participants also displayed two additional traits. The researchers labeled these as irritability  (negative affect that led to developmentally inappropriate behaviors like whining and tantrums) and activity (energy and physical activity). Another study of Dutch children of both sexes between the ages of 3 and 16 also found two additional personality traits. While one was similar to the activity trait found in the previously discussed study, the other, dependency (relying on others), was different. Age Differences in Personality Traits Research has suggested the Big Five traits evolve with age over the life span. In an analysis of 92 longitudinal studies that examined changes in personality traits from youth to old age, scholars found that people became more conscientious, less neurotic, and increase in social dominance, a facet of extraversion, as they get older. People also became more agreeable in old age. And while adolescents were more open to experience and demonstrated greater social vitality, another facet of extraversion, especially during the college years, people decreased in these traits during old age. Sources Allport, Gordon W. and Henry S. Odbert. â€Å"Trait-Names: A Psycho-Lexical Study.† Psychological Monographs, vol. 47, no. 1, 1936, pp. i-171. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/h0093360Cattell, Raymond B. â€Å"The description of Personality: Basic Traits Resolved Into Clusters.† Journal of Abnormal and Social Psychology, vol. 38, vol. 4, 1943, pp. 476-506. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/h0054116Costa, Paul T., and Robert R. McCrae. â€Å"The NEO-PI-R: Professional Manual.† Psychological Assessment Resources, 1992. sjdm.org/dmidi/NEO_PI-R.htmlDigman, John M. â€Å"Personality Structure: Emergence of the Five-Factor Model.† Annual Review of Psychology, vol. 41, 1990, pp. 417-440. http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev.ps.41.020190.002221Fiske, Donald W. â€Å"Consistency of the Factorial Structures of Personality Ratings from Difference Sources.† Journal of Abnormal and Social Psychology, vol. 44, 1949, pp. 329-344. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/h0057198Jang, Kerry J., Jo hn Livesley, and Philip A. Vernon. â€Å"Heritability of the Big Five Personality Dimensions and Their Facets: A Twin Study.† Journal of Personality, vol. 64, no. 3, 1996, pp. 577-592. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-6494.1996.tb00522.x John, Oliver P., Avshalom Caspi, Richard W. Robins, Terrie E. Moffitt, and Magda Stouthamer-Loeber. â€Å"The ‘Little Five’: Exploring The Nomological Network of the Five-Factor Model of Personality in Adolescent Boys. Child Development, vol. 65, 1994, pp. 160-178. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-8624.1994.tb00742.xJohn, Oliver P., Laura P. Naumann, and Christopher J. Soto. â€Å"Paradigm Shift to the Integrative Big Five Trait Taxonomy: History, Measurement, and Conceptual Issues.† Handbook of Personality: Theory and Research, 3rd ed., edited by Oliver P. John, Richard W. Robins, and Lawrence A. Pervin, The Guilford Press, 2008, pp. 114-158.John, Oliver P. and Sanjay Srivastava. â€Å"The Big Five Trait Taxonomy: History, Measurement, and Theoretical Perspectives.† Handbook of Personality: Theory and Research, 2nd ed., edited by Lawrence A. Pervin, and Oliver P. John, The Guilford Press, 1999, pp. 102-138.McAdams, Dan P. â€Å"Can Personality Change? Leve ls of Stability and Growth In Personality Across the Life Span.† Can Personality Change? edited by Todd F. Heatherton and Joel L. Weinberger, American Psychological Association, 1994, pp. 299-313. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/10143-027 McAdams, Dan. The Person: An Introduction to the Science of Personality Psychology. 5th ed., Wiley, 2008.Measelle, Jeffrey R., Oliver P. John, Jennifer C. Ablow, Philip A. Cowan, and Carolyn P. Cowan. â€Å"Can Children Provide Coherent, Stable, and Valid Self-Reports on the Big Five Dimensions? A Longitudinal Study from Ages 5 to 7. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, vol. 89, 2005, pp. 90-106. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/0022-3514.89.1.90Roberts, Brent W., Kate E. Walton, and Wolfgang Viechtbauer. â€Å"Patterns of Mean-Level Change in Personality Traits Across the Life Course: A Meta-Analysis of Longitudinal Studies.† Psychological Bulletin, vol. 132. No. 1, 2006, pp. 1-35.  Van Lieshout, Cornelis F. M. and Gerbert J. T. Haselager. â€Å"The Big Five Personality Factors in Q-Sort Descriptions of Children and Adolescents.† The Developing Structure of Temperament and Personality From Infancy to Adulthood, edited by Charles F. Halverson, Gedolph A. Kohnstamm, and Roy P. Martin, Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, 1994, pp. 293-318.

Pick one all info is there Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Pick one all info is there - Essay Example They feel oppressed, disconnected, machine-like, and very much out of control with being forced to perform in some manner in order to regain those freedoms. How can this be? First of all, in order to determine what freedom is and what it isn't, we must clarify and accept the definition of the word freedom. The Free Dictionary defines freedom as the condition of being free from restraints. It also includes political independence, lack of slavery, detention or oppression, exemption from authority in performing a certain task or action, liberty, exemption from an onerous or unpleasant condition, the ability to choose for oneself, and move about without restriction, lack of reserve or modesty, full access, all the rights of citizenship or membership, and the power to perform certain actions without interference or control. This is a very broad definition containing many implications and directions for freedom to go. II. Point One By considering freedom in the broadest of terms, it's easy to see how one may think it would be the most wonderful concept on the planet; everyone should be free. Life would have the greatest meaning for the largest number of people if only there was more freedom. The suffering and oppression of Third World countries would be alleviated and more people would rise from the ashes to take their places if only there was more freedom in the world. All people would be free to live a life of their own choosing; finding success and peace within themselves, lacking nothing of comfort and convenience necessary for daily living. While this may be a very broad goal, not easily attainable; it is neither logical nor practical. The systems created to serve life on planet Earth cannot operate within this framework. Most economic systems require there to be supply and demand; which also requires there to be people who consume as well as those who produce. This, in turn, requires there to be managers, as well as workers have no ability to move around withou t restrictions or to perform certain actions without interference or control; the haves and the have nots. III. Point Two Perhaps freedom just means freedom from an onerous and unpleasant condition. Well, if that were the case, then freedom from hunger, pain, illness, or even a bad relationship or boring career would bring immediate relief for millions of people across the globe. Yet, the systems they were born into dictate for them what they’re entitled to for daily living; including the choice to marry and with whom they will marry, what career they will have, if they will work, and who they will work for. Maybe political independence is necessary in order to remove the suffering from the world. By gaining full access to all the rights of citizenship within a geographical area, having the power to move around with exemption of authority as well as the ability to make decisions without interference or control would create a world where all the needs of the people are met and the human family is happy and satisfied. As long as there is only one person in this utopian society, things would be fine. The problem exists when people, who are uniquely different in their growth and development, as well as in their needs, beyond the basics, try to live together in small spaces, called communities. Then, the concept of freedom becomes moderately distorted. My freedom

King of Comedy as an Example of Modern Parody Essay

King of Comedy as an Example of Modern Parody - Essay Example The use of parody is increasingly intertwined with that of satire, as the authors or film makers strive to mock or unmask the flaws and false realities of the life surrounding them. King of Comedy, a 1999 Hong Kong-produced comedy film, is just an example of such satirical parody. It is both a mockery of usual commercially successful but shallow kung-fu action movies and, to a less evident extent, the settings of Hong Kong the main hero has to deal with in his quest for success in the actor’s career. The viewer is subjected to a flurry of visual gags and usual comic tricks by Stephen Chow and other actors performing the roles of the film’s characters. At the same time, though, the film presents a characteristic mockery of the unrealities of the usual action movies by twisting or outright ridiculing the character types or situations found in them. The final moments of King of Comedy are even more of a parody nature, as the direct connection between commercial films and a more common advertisement is fully displayed with the characters openly advertising Pringles chips to the audience. The plot of King of Comedy is rather simple. Wan Tin-Sau (played by Stephen Chow himself), a not so lucky second-rate actor, tries to eke out his living by simultaneously performing as a movie extra actor and serving as the head of his village’s community center. He is approached by the local call girls who wish to increase their chance for wooing rich clients by acting like innocent school girls. Wan has to play a role of their teacher at such impersonating acts. However, one of these girls, Lau Piu-Piu, falls in love with their unfortunate teacher, as she becomes grateful to him for his efforts at teaching her play acts. However, Wan misunderstands her love for simple lust, and, after they make love for the first time, he tries to pay Lau for her alleged ‘service’. The girl is enraged and leaves Wan’s house. A poor actor is distressed due to his lack of understanding of women’s feelings. Later on, Wan is described in his more conventional environs, that is, at the film studio, where he tries to catch a new role in the possibly more paid-for position. He could not believe himself, when he is chosen for the highly sought role of the leading actor in the movie where the famous actress Sister Cuckoo is starred. Wan tries to impress her with his charm, which leads to him being involved in some fairly ridiculous situations. However, Wan’s happiness does not last long, as he is unexpectedly dismissed from the position he has just secured. He is then approached by one of the lunchmen at the studio, who, surprisingly enough, turns to be a Hong Kong police agent. Wan gets a proposal to be involved in an undercover operation, where he has to face the Triad mafia hoodlums, while his lunchman co-operative is severely wounded by them. Due to his sheer luck and the ability to distract his pursuers, Wan manages to win the day, impressing the surviving Triad operatives. Some of them would later even become his

Abraham Lincoln Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Abraham Lincoln - Research Paper Example He is thought by many to have been a charitable man, yet risen up out of the most humble of beginnings. (ZENTNER). His erudite virtues were as forcing as his moral virtues, winning him an ill repute while in Congress as the savant among his individual legislators. He for the most part wanted to think over ethical and religious inquiries instead of demand divisive replies to them. (ZENTNER). He evaded both unmanly pessimism and visually impaired faith, exemplifying a honorable contempt for extremes steady with a traditional understanding of the gentleman. Out of that combo of fidelity and temperance rose a statesmanship unconventionally suited for the most attempting period in American history. (ZENTNER). Lincoln consolidated an unprecedented wit with a blessing for narrating to turn into a compelling communicator. He was regularly curious and he adapted quickly, which headed him to be greatly imaginative. He is, actually, the only U.S. president to hold a patent (for a technique to make grounded vessels more light). He had an entering and extensive voice that could be heard over extraordinary separations. For instance, everybody present heard the whole Gettysburg Address, and there were no less than 15,000 individuals in participation. Indeed Lincolns stature (at six feet, four inches, makes him our tallest president) provided for him a psychological advantage over others. He was a man to be turned toward, a man to be emulated. (Phillips). In 1982, forty-nine students of history and political researchers were asked by the Chicago Tribune to rate all the Presidents through Jimmy Carter in five classes: initiative qualities, achievements/crisis administration, political abilities, errands, and character/trustworthiness. The top position was occupied by Abraham Lincoln. He was trailed by Franklin Roosevelt, George Washington, Theodore Roosevelt, Thomas Jefferson, Andrew Jackson, Woodrow Wilson, and